Wednesday, January 3, 2018
Learning Text Based Coding
Played around with a fun site today that can introduce you to TEXT BASED coding by learning JavaScript.
It allows you to log in and save projects. Then takes you to some tutorials where an animated character will WRITE JavaScript for you.
It start by creating a sprite and then prompts you to make your sprite DO SOMETHING!
Move Around the Screen!
Make Noise!
and more!
Check it out at https://www.scriptacademy.net/
My first thought was that there was to much happening at once for a young coder to be really learning JavaScript. But then, I remembered learning English at age 5. I entered First Grade not speaking English. My introduction to English was NOT limited to a few words and once piece of syntax at a time until I mastered it. I was immersed in a way where I kept hearing English that I did not understand yet. The more I heard, the more I recognized the wounds, words, meanings that filled my daily life at school.
I absolutely think that many block based coding sites are perfect for younger learners. But I think having a chance to see Text Based Code be created with this fun little Code Helper can also help young learners better understand how Code is used to create the world around us!
Give it a try!
I know we'll be trying this at TechSavvy Girls camp!
https://www.scriptacademy.net/
Monday, January 1, 2018
TechSavvy Girls 2018
TechSavvy Girls Summer Camp 2018 has been scheduled!
It will be our 18th year in a row!
Come join us in 2018 the week of July 30
in Vermont's Northeast Kingdom!
A few years ago I committed to posting regularly to the TechSavvy Girls blog!
Last year, most of my post went into other projects.
Noticing that this blog was neglected in 2017, I think it's time to rectify that in 2018!
Look for more post throughout 2018!
Monday, May 15, 2017
TechSavvy Girls Camp 2017 in a NEW Location
Join us for our 17th year in a row of TechSavvy Girls Camp July 24-28
in a brand new location -- the North Country Career Center in Newport, Vermont!
Discounted tuition scholarships are available students attending any
of the sending schools to North Country Career Center.
Check with your principal or guidance counselor for a tuition voucher.
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Sunday, February 14, 2016
Meet Izzy an inspiring 8 year old maker
Recently I had the opportunity to meet an outstanding techsavvy girl-- You have just got to meet her too.
During a recent visit to the San Diego Fab Lab, I noted four female makers on the poster board that featured their Resident Maker Experts -- one seemed a little younger than the rest.
Although I’ve seen a lot of different STEM products, I had yet to encounter the Rokenbok STEM kits and what better way to learn about them than through Izzi’s eyes. This reinforced my beliefs that STEM does not have to be pink or girly to engage girls, but it does need to have a variety of entry points. The Rokenbok STEM kits quickly went on my list of products with low threshold, high ceilings, and wide walls which I feel are key to engaging a more diverse population of tech-savvy creators, makers, innovators, inventors and problem solvers.

When I learned that another area that fascinated Izzi at the FabLab was the sewing area. filled with different types of sewing machines for various types of maker projects, I shared with her my interest in using Arduino in eTextile projects and showed her my latest hat project -- a black hat designed to show off an Arduino Bean that controls blue and white LEDs sewed into embroidered snowflakes. She was particularly fascinated with the fact that the project included a sensor that triggered a buzzer to play Star Wars music and started dancing to set off the accelerometer.

I pulled out a LilyPad Twinkle, some conductive thread and some more sewable LEDs to leave with Izzi so that she could experience the way microprocessors can be used in her next sewing project. Then I showed her how I was using a more powerful microprocessor called the LilyPad Arduino to control some multi-colored neopixels on a unicorn headband project I was working on.
During a recent visit to the San Diego Fab Lab, I noted four female makers on the poster board that featured their Resident Maker Experts -- one seemed a little younger than the rest.
Yesterday I got to meet this most amazing young maker at the San Diego Fab Lab - 8 year old Isabelle (also known as IZZI). When I met her, I could see why she was part of the Team That Gets Things Done at the Fab Lab.
Izzi knows her way around a maker space! As you can see in this video, Izzi is totally at home with the space, the tools, and supplies.
When I asked her to show me what she likes to make, she darted towards a back room, stopping by a box of jumpers, and told me that she was learning to code and then identified a numerical value for each color jumper.
I was immediately curious to know more because, I had never heard anyone assign a numerical value to jumpers before. But then Izzi proceeded to pull out a set of resistors calculating the value of the resistors by the color bands and then explained that one of her fellow resident makers used the colors on the jumpers to ‘drill her’ about these values. That is totally brilliant! Izzi has some smart mentors who understand both making and learning!
Izzi quickly moved on to what CLEARLY was one of her favorite rooms filled with black and yellow crates that contained lockable plastic pieces, wheels, gears, pulleys, and a remote. She pulled down a bridge from a high shelf, rummaged through the drawers until she found a remote and then became entranced with the structure and its moving parts. It was obvious that the world of mechanical engineering was one that fascinated her.
Although I’ve seen a lot of different STEM products, I had yet to encounter the Rokenbok STEM kits and what better way to learn about them than through Izzi’s eyes. This reinforced my beliefs that STEM does not have to be pink or girly to engage girls, but it does need to have a variety of entry points. The Rokenbok STEM kits quickly went on my list of products with low threshold, high ceilings, and wide walls which I feel are key to engaging a more diverse population of tech-savvy creators, makers, innovators, inventors and problem solvers.
When I learned that another area that fascinated Izzi at the FabLab was the sewing area. filled with different types of sewing machines for various types of maker projects, I shared with her my interest in using Arduino in eTextile projects and showed her my latest hat project -- a black hat designed to show off an Arduino Bean that controls blue and white LEDs sewed into embroidered snowflakes. She was particularly fascinated with the fact that the project included a sensor that triggered a buzzer to play Star Wars music and started dancing to set off the accelerometer.
I asked her if she’d like to do some making together with some of my supplies. We broke out some sewable LEDs, a sewable battery holder, conductive thread and quickly created a felt bracelet. Her comfort with circuits and ability to problem solve shined as she dashed across the room to find a multimeter when our LEDs failed to light on the first try.
True confession: My comfort with a multimeter pales compared to Izzi’s. But her confidence with the tool inspired me to use mine more often until it becomes as second nature as it was for Izzi. After learning that she had given the mayor of San Diego a soldering lessons, I was tempted to ask her for pointers. But alas it was time to go and I wanted to leave Izzi with some supplies that would help her move our project to the next steps.
I pulled out a LilyPad Twinkle, some conductive thread and some more sewable LEDs to leave with Izzi so that she could experience the way microprocessors can be used in her next sewing project. Then I showed her how I was using a more powerful microprocessor called the LilyPad Arduino to control some multi-colored neopixels on a unicorn headband project I was working on.
I would so love to come back and show Izzi to code a future Arduino project. But my guess, is that Izzi is not going to need me to learn to code. Izzi is fortunate enough to be surrounded with fabulous mentors from the FAB LAB who have taken her under their wing -- including her mom (Joy) who serves as Community Relations Manager for the FabLab - San Diego.
The joy I was feeling while hanging out and making with Izzi was slightly dampened when hearing that Izzi school environment doesn’t seem to provide the opportunities for Izzi’s passion to shine. The strong confident voice I heard from this young lady is not part of the Izzi you might see at school.
It’s sad that more kids don’t get to bloom the way Izzi obviously has by being surrounded in a rich environment for learning like the FabLab.
It’s sad that students with passions for creating and making often don’t find a place to use that passion as part of everyday learning.
Thankfully more schools are integrating more STEM/STEAM opportunities for students, and many educators I work with are building their own maker spaces in their schools.
Thankfully more and more products like the Rokenbok STEM kits are being created with thoughtful attention to engaging a diverse group of students to “think like engineers gives them the skills and confidence to change the world.”
Thankfully many places like the FabLab are offering outreach opportunities to help our schools create tomorrow’s innovators.
I can’t wait to see what path Izzi will follow as she continues to learn -- but something tells me engineering is somewhere in her future.
Friday, February 5, 2016
STEM Leadership Camp for Vermont Girls
If you know a Vermont girl whose entering 9th or 10th grade, I would highly recommend you encourage her to attend the following fabulous opportunity.
VERMONT TECH
Rosie’s Girls STEM Leadership Overnight Camps & follow-on Mentorship Program
for Vermont girls entering 9th and 10th grades (fall 2016)
June 20 - 24 or July 11 -15
Vermont Tech - Randolph Center Campus
Modeled after Rosie’s Girls Day Camps by Vermont Works for Women (http://rosiesgirls.org/), Vermont Tech’s summer camps create positive, safe, supportive, girl-centered environments,with teamwork, healthy body image and tons of fun woven in! A place where girls can enhance their leadership skills as well asget their hands dirty, express themselves creatively, explore what the world has to offer them, what they have to offer the world and take positive risks! It’s a great place for girls who have previously participated in Rosie’s Girls Day Camps now entering 9th or 10th grades or who have never participated and want to try something new.
Rosie's Girls Summer Program ™ A 3-week summer day camp that helps build strong, powerful, confident girls through hands-on exploration of STEM activities and the ...
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Potential program offerings may include an introduction to: Computer Info Tech; Civil/Environmental & Architectural Engineering Tech; Construction Management; Agribusiness; Welding; Fire Science; Entrepreneurship; Mechanical &Manufacturing Engineering Tech/Renewable Energy; plus loads of activities, creative arts, and more!!
Experiences to:
o Try out a variety of trades and technical fields
o Increase self-confidence and self-worth and push past preconceived limitations
o Consider careers in STEM-based, nontraditional fields
o Develop new areas of physical and emotional confidence
o Expand math and science skills through concrete applications
o Develop leadership and teamwork skills
o Have fun; make new friends with likeminded spirits - and much, much more!
For more information and for an application:
Sunday, January 31, 2016
Way to Go - Mark Zuckerberg - great advice for all girls!
Every year Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook CEO, post a New Year's resolution on Facebook that catches the attention of his friends, followers, and the media. This year's resolution caught my attention, more than usual. Yes, I think its cool that Mark Zuckerberg is going to spend some time 'making something for himself' this year and that it will be in the area of AI (Artificial Intelligence) which resonates with my interest in MAKING and in personalized learning. But what really caught my attention was the first comment on his New Year's resolution post and Mark Zuckerberg's response to it. HERE
Mark Zuckerberg's response to it. I LOVE that response! Every Mom and Dad should encourage the world to be the next inventor, not simply to 'marry' one. Nice job Mark Zuckerberg!
With advice like that, I'm sure that Max (Mark Zuckerberg's new daughter) is doing to turn out to be an amazing young lady.
Can you imagine the confidence our girls would have if their Dad read to them about Quantum Physics or dressed them as Star Wars clothing!
Research has shown that Dad's have a a huge influence on their daughter's career choices. In my work with young women, I have found that to be true. Thanks for being a role model to Dads and reminding all of us about way that our message to girls matters.
Monday, November 2, 2015
Day 100 ~ CodeGirl Screening at Generator
How appropriate for my 100th POST this year for or about girls and tech features the first public screening of CodeGirl the Movie. It feels like the perfect special occasion for this milestone.
Tonight I will be at the Generator in Burlington Vermont welcoming folks to the screening.
and encourage any of you watching to participate in the backchannel that during or after the viewing that I set up on Today's Meet at https://todaysmeet.com/codegirlvt
I've prepared the following 5-6 minute welcome and will
I will be adding more resources to this blog from the conversations that we start tonight.
Tonight I will be at the Generator in Burlington Vermont welcoming folks to the screening.
and encourage any of you watching to participate in the backchannel that during or after the viewing that I set up on Today's Meet at https://todaysmeet.com/codegirlvt
I've prepared the following 5-6 minute welcome and will
I will be adding more resources to this blog from the conversations that we start tonight.
Saturday, October 31, 2015
Day 99 ~ How to NOT attract girls to learn to code
Yesterday I was looking for a specific tutorial to help me figure out a coding algorithm for my new Arduino Bean. In the first page of search results, I came across an opportunity to learn to code through a gamified system called CODE WARRIORS.
As I scrolled on the site, the welcome message was replaced with this graphic to ENTER the site
The site promised an environment where
"Giant robots and JavaScript are your weapons of choice as you program your way to victory in this strategic combat game. No previous coding knowledge is required to crack the code as the game guides you from a beginner, to coder, to warrrior. Let the battle commence!
Build your ultimate Code Warrior in the Chop Shop, a hi-tech garage full of weapons, robot parts, and paints...
Earn coding credits for match and challenge completion to spend in the Chop Shop
Compete against your Facebook friends with a large arsenal of weapons and in four awesome arenas"
As I scrolled on the site, the welcome message was replaced with this graphic to ENTER the site
I can't be the only one who feels that the message here is similar to the message that women face in the military. "The is a combat zone - no women allowed".
I think what bothered me even more was that the site was being marketed to schools complete with a teacher pack for classroom implementation. The marketing department even included a review from an elementary school
"We have been using Code Warriors in school as a way to deliver an element of our computing curriculum. It has been one of the most engaging tools we use to teach .."
Thankfully there are plenty of other options for computing curriculum that understands the barriers for women and girls to feel welcomed into the field of computer science. But I found it interesting that in a world where organizations like NAPE (National Alliance for Partnerships in Equity) are offering training in the impact of mirco-messaging as a strategy to increasing the number of girls and women in STEM, that there are still plenty of messages that are NOT so MICRO telling girls that coding is NOT for them.
Just saying...
Thursday, October 29, 2015
Day 98 Code Girl Movie Launchs Next Week
Coming next week!Release of Leslie Chilcott's documentary ~ CodeGirl
From November 1 - 5, Lesley’s film will be available for free on YouTube, before its big theatrical debut in the weeks that follow.
You can access the film, starting November 1 on www.madewithcode.com/codegirl. The teaser is available here. This film is a family-friendly, positive and global look at inspiring girls to code.
#RallyForCODEGIRL!
Host a @CODEGIRLMOVIE screening party
Tuesday, October 27, 2015
Day 97 Growing Season in Vermont
As some of you know, I set a goal to blog regularly on the TechSavvy Girls blog in 2015. From January to June 1, I added 96 blog post to this blog. Then I went into hibernation. But I'm back!
First let me give a quick explanation about the hibernation. Why did I disappear?
Because I learned that my time for writing was the months that I am 'on the road'.
As some of you know, a few years ago I gave up my apartment to move into a 1983 Bluebird bus. The bus leaves Vermont every November and travels back to Vermont during late April.
What I discovered about myself was that during that time I am more reflective and feel compelled to write. What I also discovered was that once we return to Vermont, I shift gears and go into 'growing season in Vermont"mode.
We all know that Vermont has a short growing season - and during that short season, Vermonters must be leverage every opportunity to plant, grown, harvest what they will need to sustain themselves for the year. What I found myself doing during our time in Vermont (May - November) was growing my projects (planting, growing, and harvesting). And what I discovered was that my commitment to blogging was not sustainable during this intense 'growing season'.
Well growing season is almost over for me, we are getting ready to hit the road again and I'm gearing up to regular reflections and writings in this blog. So many ideas... so many things I've been wanting to write about.. where do I start!
First let me give a quick explanation about the hibernation. Why did I disappear?
Because I learned that my time for writing was the months that I am 'on the road'.
As some of you know, a few years ago I gave up my apartment to move into a 1983 Bluebird bus. The bus leaves Vermont every November and travels back to Vermont during late April.
![]() |
| Photo Credit: Joanne deLaBruere |
We all know that Vermont has a short growing season - and during that short season, Vermonters must be leverage every opportunity to plant, grown, harvest what they will need to sustain themselves for the year. What I found myself doing during our time in Vermont (May - November) was growing my projects (planting, growing, and harvesting). And what I discovered was that my commitment to blogging was not sustainable during this intense 'growing season'.
Well growing season is almost over for me, we are getting ready to hit the road again and I'm gearing up to regular reflections and writings in this blog. So many ideas... so many things I've been wanting to write about.. where do I start!
Sunday, June 14, 2015
Day 96 - Sustainability issues for 'keeping our female coders"
Yesterday I wrote about balance. The fact that finding balance is particularly challenging in the tech industry has been agreed upon for some time, might have something to do with this (not so surprising) demographic analysis graphic I found in the latest issue of Bloomberg Businessweek issue "What is Code?)
.... demographics from Stack Overflow's 2015 developer survey
Section 2.6 of Paul's Ford's 38,000 word essay shares insights on these demographic mostly related to the discouraging norms in the tech culture (including but not limited to sexual harassment so rampant that today's conferences are including codes of conduct to curtail it).
.... demographics from Stack Overflow's 2015 developer survey
Section 2.6 of Paul's Ford's 38,000 word essay shares insights on these demographic mostly related to the discouraging norms in the tech culture (including but not limited to sexual harassment so rampant that today's conferences are including codes of conduct to curtail it).
"The problem is pervasive: There are a lot of conferences, and there have been many reports of harassing behavior. The language Ruby, the preferred language for startup bros, developed the worst reputation. At a Ruby conference in 2009, someone gave a talk subtitled “Perform Like a Pr0n Star,” with sexy slides. That was dispiriting. There have been criminal incidents, too.From our own Local Conference in Burlington Vermont:
Conferences began to develop codes of conduct, rules and algorithms for people (men, really) to follow.
If you are subject to or witness unacceptable behavior, or have any other concerns, please notify a community organizer as soon as possible …—Burlington Ruby Conference
"The problem with women in technology isn't the women" concludes Paul Ford in his 38,000 word essay written for the latest issue of Bloomberg Businessweek (which devoted the whole issue to What is Code?)
Saturday, June 13, 2015
Day 95: Revising my blogging goal
I set off to post something every day in 2015 that might interest girls in tech or others who are interested in the topics of women in tech. You might have noticed a gap back in March and another gap starting late April and early May.
What do those have in common!
In March, I found myself trying to juggle a trip to Vermont that centered around some big work related projects and seeing my grandchildren and family. Turns out "I can't do it all" and my blogging goal was moved to the back burner.
In late April/early May our mobile lifestyle brings us back to Vermont - which brought both reuniting with my family and increased professional commitments hurdling at me full force. The enjoyment of both of these important forces in my life brought back the reoccurring theme of "I can't do it all" and again my blogging goal moved to the back burner.
Every time I experience or notice something that definitely should become part of this blog I feel the guilt from putting the TechSavvy Girls blogging goal on a hiatus rise. But what it comes down to is a struggle I've had all my adult life ~ how to find the right balance between loved ones, profession, and personal goals. It's a struggle many women feel from Sheryl Sandberg to Anne Marie Slaughter.
In her recent article "Why Women Still Can't Have it All" offers insights on the balance struggles and even offers some recommendations of what must change for us to come close to finding that desired balance.
So in the perpetual search for balance I've decided to rewrite my blogging goal and instead of trying to write 'each day' in the TechSavvy Girls blog, I'm going to change it to:
What do those have in common!
"A parallel increase in the need for 'attention to family' and 'attention to a big work-related project!"
In March, I found myself trying to juggle a trip to Vermont that centered around some big work related projects and seeing my grandchildren and family. Turns out "I can't do it all" and my blogging goal was moved to the back burner.
In late April/early May our mobile lifestyle brings us back to Vermont - which brought both reuniting with my family and increased professional commitments hurdling at me full force. The enjoyment of both of these important forces in my life brought back the reoccurring theme of "I can't do it all" and again my blogging goal moved to the back burner.
Every time I experience or notice something that definitely should become part of this blog I feel the guilt from putting the TechSavvy Girls blogging goal on a hiatus rise. But what it comes down to is a struggle I've had all my adult life ~ how to find the right balance between loved ones, profession, and personal goals. It's a struggle many women feel from Sheryl Sandberg to Anne Marie Slaughter.
In her recent article "Why Women Still Can't Have it All" offers insights on the balance struggles and even offers some recommendations of what must change for us to come close to finding that desired balance.
So in the perpetual search for balance I've decided to rewrite my blogging goal and instead of trying to write 'each day' in the TechSavvy Girls blog, I'm going to change it to:
write at least 100 post this year that might be of interest to TechSavvy Girls readers... and when I reach the 100th post.. I'll just keep on writing - and stop counting.
Tuesday, April 28, 2015
Day 94 - Counting success of unlocked doors
As I continued to think about the She++ video that I watched yesterday, I was reminded that one of the challenges of encouraging more women to develop their aptitude and confidence with technology is that we don't always celebrate our count all our successes.
The women in the She++ panel echoed some of the same messages I would tell my high school students.
Continue to develop this MOST important skills of LOGIC and ALGORITHMIC
THINKING… that mindset can be applied to a variety of different thinking
A little bit of programming knowledge can unlock all these doors
You can go into any industry, science, fashion, math
Finding problems that are worth solving and then solving them using computing
And when you successfully communicate that message to our women and girls and they start to feel empowered with technology, they may choose to very different field than "Computer Science" to apply their new technology skills.
I had many girls pursue college and career choices they would have never considered had they not become more tech savvy from accounting to biology to civil engineering.
These successes must be celebrated, but are not easy to count.
It is easier to measure the number of women in computer science.
But let's not measure our success only by the increase or decrease in computer science fields. Many of our tech-savvy girls are walking through doors that were unlocked because of the work we have done raising their awareness, skill level, and confidence with technology.
Monday, April 27, 2015
Day 93 She++ tackles gender stereotypes in computer science
I just finished watching a mini-documentary created by the team at She++
and immediately started to peruse their website http://www.sheplusplus.org/ discovering an amazing team of talented young women committed to creating a culture in computer science that is more appealing to women.
One thing that really struck me was the diversity amongst the women who have bonded together in carrying our the mission outlined on the she++ ABOUT page.
OUR MISSION
she++ seeks to dismantle the untrue stereotype that computer science is not a career for women. We work with the technology industry to create a culture that is more appealing to women, and we work with women to dismantle harmful perceptions that they cannot succeed in the technology industry.
A quick look at the names and faces of the women on their team speaks to the fact that it is possible to gather a room full of people interested in computer science that are not 'white' 'males'. What started as a conference of 250 attendees at Stanford has grown to a whole community looking to change the face of computer scientist.
In this twelve minute documentary, you will learn more about the variety of interest and skills that make up a panel of women from Facebook, Pinterest, Google, Microsoft, Box and other tech related companies. The panel aims at showing us that a computer science is not an "antisocial white male living in a cubicle". I'm not so sure that this is still the stereotype that prevails when we think of careers in computer science, and I wonder if using the 'stereotype' to combat the 'stereotype' is helpful, but there certainly are other barriers for women, that the panel does address.
Their description of what it was like for women enrolled in their first computer class was spot on. I have certainly felt many of the emotions that were described in the documentary and have watched young women that I have steered into computer science courses experience the same.
"I spent a lot of time thinking that I was not qualified for this.. I had not been coding since I was 12"
"I thought I was failing that class all the way through"
"There was an expectations was that if you are studying computer science you must have used this before, I had hardly touched a computer."
The women warned that part of this may have been due to the fact that the "Intro to CS class was a weeder class and a bit more difficult."
Obviously the women in the class were not the only ones who find Intro to Computer Science classes challenging. However, according to research conducted at Stanford, this plays out differently for women than it does for their male counterparts.
"When women don’t succeed at first, they blame themselves, and when a man does not succeed he blames the course and the test, when a women gets a B+ she blames herself.. when a man takes a B+ he thinks he is doing fine."This drives home the fact that not only must we create more opportunities to bridge the experience gap that exist between girls and boys with computers and engineering type tasks, but we must also include an increased awareness of that experience gap and an acceptance that "just because something is hard, does not mean its not fun or that you are not good at it".
This is sometime I try to do with each of the TechSavvy Girls events that I design.
I still remember one of my former students, Samantha, coming back from her first year of college saying to me
"Ms. deLaBruere, if you had not helped me understand the experience gap, I would have dropped out of my Intro to Civil Engineering class. The boys were already half way through the assignment by the time I had set up the tools I needed to start the project. Not being familiar with the tools, meant I had to find the tool and orient myself to it before I even started."
I have heard people complain that some of the information we put out perpetuates the image that girls as victims, but I disagree. If framed correctly, it can help girls prepare for that "Weeder" class experience and understand that having less experience does not mean you don't belong. Congrats to t the team from Stanford, for helping raise awareness.
Sunday, April 26, 2015
Day 92 Ohms, Voltage, and Amps in Maker projects
Yesterday I started to share that my mental model around volts, amps, and ohms was finally emerging to a point where I felt that the fog had lifted. While that post was a reflection of the learning process by which this happened, today I thought I’d do a quick explanation of that mental model using the explanation provided in this Sparkfun tutorial and apply it to some of the project we have been making in our Girls Make IT sessions and see if it might resonate for some of you.
By the end of this post, it is my hope that you might have a better understanding of why the words (volts, amps, and ohms) might impact your project design. It will not be the goal of this post that you be able to calculate the ideal solution by which to power your project, but you will be tuned in to how these materials might impact the design solution. It is my goal that as you notice these words in the future you will be less likely to ignore them and start to create your own data points of how materials rated with different values (volts, amps, ohms) might impact your project design.
First of all a mental model is built around our experiences and current understanding of the world. Water is s something most of us have experience with. Most of us have experience with garden hoses, water faucets, water towers, and with the experience of letting the current in a river carry us downstream. These experiences can help us better understand amps, voltage, and ohms.
AMPS
The amount of energy that an electrical current is often measured in something we call AMPS (or ampere). To put it in perspective, an oven might use 10 - 20 amps while a clock radio would need only 1 amp. Amps is the total amount of current that is available or needed to power an object.
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| Water example from Sparkfun |
Let’s say you have a 55 gallon water tank in your home for hot water. The design of the water tank including how much water it can hold will determine the flow of the water to your sink or shower. The design of your battery will determine the flow of the current from the battery to your project. The flow of the current in electricity is measured in a unit called AMPS.
The number of AMPS a battery has (if fully charged) is only one part of the equation of whether it is a good solution to power your project.
VOLTS

Let’s say you connect your water tank to a hose laying flat on the ground. Chances are the water would trickle through the hose and be available to you, but there would be very little pressure behind it. On the other hand, if you raise the water tank up and place it up higher than the hose, the water pressure will increase and the water will come out the other end of the hose with enough pressure to be useful. You’ll definitely want more pressure to power wash your house than you will need to rinse off your dishes or take a shower.

When working with electricity, the design of the battery can also provide more pressure behind the current making it useful for different types of tasks. The force by which the current is being pushed out towards us is measured in volts. The more volts, the more pressure or force is behind the current as it moves through your circuit. To put it in perspective, check out the difference between the clock radio and oven in our diagram above; an oven needs a power source that sends electrical current at 220 volts, while the clock radio only needs 12 volts to work.
Although we might have a lot of ‘water’ available, we are familiar that water can have a much different impact if it is flowing slowly or trickling through a hose laying flat than it can if you left one end of the hose higher. Consider the impact that a water coming through a hose has in the picture of the power wash hose above versus the impact that the water being being poured in this glass has. The water coming through the hose would knock the glass right out of your hand. Just as water pressure can increase the impact of the water has when it comes in contact with an object, so can electrical current. When it comes to electricity, we use a measure called voltage to measure the pressure of an electrical current.
We need a measure of for this type of pressure when it comes to electricity The same is true for electrical current. Just because we have enough ‘electricity’ does not mean it is coming through the wire with enough pressure to power the project. An oven needs a power source that sends electrical current at 220 volts, while the clock radio only needs 12 volts to work.
RESISTANCE / OHMS
Finally sometimes we have a power source with a lot of water and a lot of pressure, but the amount of current and speed of the current coming at us at once can be slowed down by adding some resistance to the hose or pipe through which the water is traveling. Have you ever bent a garden hose to slow down the flow of the water, while you grab the hose to aims it. When you did this you were adding resistance. Another way to add resistance would be to change the size of the hose. A narrower hose offers more resistance as water does not flow through it as easily as it does the wider hose. Perhaps your shower has a shower head that allows you to adjust the pressure.
RESISTANCE / OHMS
Finally sometimes we have a power source with a lot of water and a lot of pressure, but the amount of current and speed of the current coming at us at once can be slowed down by adding some resistance to the hose or pipe through which the water is traveling. Have you ever bent a garden hose to slow down the flow of the water, while you grab the hose to aims it. When you did this you were adding resistance. Another way to add resistance would be to change the size of the hose. A narrower hose offers more resistance as water does not flow through it as easily as it does the wider hose. Perhaps your shower has a shower head that allows you to adjust the pressure.
Your shower head can add more resistance thus slowing down the flow or increase the pressure by reducing the resistance. The same is true for electricity.
In your maker project you select various materials for electricity to pass through based on the resistance it has. Some materials offer little or no resistance, while others materials have a lot of resistance. Most metal or wire has very little resistance and connecting them to your battery allows the current to pass through at full force. If you have a 3 volt battery, your current passes through at 3 volts, while if you have a 12 volt battery the current has 4 times the pressure behind it. The amount of resistance is measured in Ohms or Ohms per meter.
Some materials like conductive threads are created with material that have more resistance and thus conductive thread allows the current to flow through with much less force/pressure than a piece of copper tape or a wire. One of the benefits of this is that you can use conductive thread with power sources without frying your LED's because of too much voltage.
In your maker project you select various materials for electricity to pass through based on the resistance it has. Some materials offer little or no resistance, while others materials have a lot of resistance. Most metal or wire has very little resistance and connecting them to your battery allows the current to pass through at full force. If you have a 3 volt battery, your current passes through at 3 volts, while if you have a 12 volt battery the current has 4 times the pressure behind it. The amount of resistance is measured in Ohms or Ohms per meter.
Some materials like conductive threads are created with material that have more resistance and thus conductive thread allows the current to flow through with much less force/pressure than a piece of copper tape or a wire. One of the benefits of this is that you can use conductive thread with power sources without frying your LED's because of too much voltage.
For example silver coated conductive thread may have 300 ohms of resistance per foot while stainless steel conductive thread may have 28 ohms of resistance per foot. When you compare that to the .009 ohms of resistance you might find in a foot of copper tape, you can see that the materials you use to design your project make a huge difference in the way the project works (or doesn’t work).
In some future blog post, we'll put this knowledge to use with some practical examples of maker projects. We'll even learn to use ohms law to calculate the amount of current needed for our maker projects.
In some future blog post, we'll put this knowledge to use with some practical examples of maker projects. We'll even learn to use ohms law to calculate the amount of current needed for our maker projects.
But hopefully your vocabulary will include the words, amps, voltage, resistance, and ohms and you will start to pay attention to the number of volts and amps as well as the resistance from using various power sources and materials as you design your projects.
Saturday, April 25, 2015
Day 91 - The Journey to Understanding Ohms, Voltage, and Amps
Before I started MAKING with electronics I never gave batteries much thought, except for Christmas day when we would often be frantically looking for batteries for the presents where "batteries were not included." But lately I've had lots more reasons to think about power sources as I create and make. As I started to wonder about how to provide power to my projects, I started to wonder about volts and amps and wanted to get a better understanding of "why" certain power solutions would work better than others.
As an educator I'm acutely aware of the role that motivation and frame of reference play on creating the optimal learning environment. My maker projects provided the motivation. However I still lacked some of the frame of reference needed to understand the explanations I was reading about ohms law. But with each project I made, I started to gain experience that allowed me to build more data points slowly creating a frame of reference. Watching the sparks fly when two dangling pieces of conductive threads became entangled made me wonder:"What was different about my power source this time that caused such a reaction?"
"Why had there been no sparks flying on previous projects where threads had accidentally touched?"
"Might some of my projects create fire hazards?"
As the data points and list of questions grew, so did my ability to predict what might happens when I combined circuits, batteries, and conductive materials. And with each iterations of predicting, designing, and testing solutions for my projects, my frame of reference started to grow, my experience gap started to narrow. I felt ready to tackle readings that would deepen my understanding of the science behind the flow of electricity so that the information about volts and amps on the materials I was using to make would finally be useful in designing solutions to my projects.
But even though the vocabulary was more familiar as I read through various explanations of volts, amps, and ohms law, I struggled with creating a mental model that felt complete. Yet, despite the fact that there were still some foggy parts for me, it seemed that some of what I was reading as I was making was finally accessible and the fog was lifting. I was no longer dismissing the information I read as gobbly geek; I had deeper motivation for bridging the knowledge gaps and had new experiences to connect pieces of the explanations to. Maker empowerment was setting in and added a degree of confidence that I could grasp these new concepts as in produced in me an inclination to want to understand the interconnections of the systems that made up my world. I also had an important additional ingredient--the patience of a partner who was willing to listen as I described new renditions of my mental model and gently point out misconceptions with yet another explanation of the parts that were still foggy. Meanwhile I kept playing/making and reading. And finally, more than a year into my playing with circuits, I feel like the fog has lifted about around my understanding about volts, amps, circuits, and ohms law. Last night I reread the Sparkfun explanation of voltage and amps and the water metaphor finally worked to complete the mental model that had been slowly building over the past year.As an educator who is fascinated by the process of learning, I'm intrigued by the variables that interconnected in my learning journey. I know that no two learners will go through the same journey, but I feel my reflecting and understanding my journey will help me better understand the various places in the journey that those 'making' around me might be at. It will also help me design experiences that might help others on their journey of understanding the interconnected systems of the world around them, especially those who might have had similar experience gaps.
There have been plenty of times when I've said to myself "who are you kidding - you don't belong here in this world where most of those around me seem to have a stronger background and understanding of science." Girls Make It Series of workshops has been shaped by that experience and the reactions from both participants and observers has validated my feeling the designs for my workshop do connect with learners like me - and that I my value might be in bringing diversity to the maker culture, but to also bring deeper understanding of technology, science, and making to a diverse set of learners. But today, I feel that the lack of such a background has provided me with a different type of insights and that maybe that insight can be valuable in the maker culture. Much of the design of my
Growing up in a household of 5 girls in the 60's meant that there were not a lot of toys that helped me experience electronics and mechanics. I don't remember much about science class in our 4 room school house in rural Vermont. Our elementary teachers were generalist and I imagine that my lack of vivid memories about science class is indicative of the quantity and quality of science education we experienced.
I have some faded memories of earth science and biology in high school, but nothing that excited me to learn more. I do have a vivid memory of my guidance counselor telling me that I would never get into college after I insisted in signing up for sewing class over chemistry class (scheduled at the same time). That year I learned that I wasn't very good at sewing, and signed up for chemistry my senior year -- which of course meant I never got the opportunity to experience physics. Somehow I decided that science was not for me and managed to make it through four years of college avoiding any science classes by filling my distribution requirements with math classes. What is gender? Was it environment? Was it environment due to gender and culture that contributed to my experience gaps in all things science. Whatever it was, I NOW get to experience bridging the gap and totally fascinated by that process. How can my introspection about my process contribute to designing experiences that will impact those who don't 'naturally' engage with creating and making? How can creating those experiences contribute to helping non-traditional 'makers' deepens their understanding of the interconnected systems that make up their world?
There could have been no better time in my career for me to have discovered the series of book in the Interconnections: Understanding Systems through Digital Design". And to think I almost walked right by the National Writing Project table at the SxSw Edu Conference this year. Framed in a pedagogical beliefs that align with Common Core and Next Generation Science Standards, these books offer educators a field guide to integrating making into their curriculums. The authors have designed a resource for both in school and out of school educators that can guide them as they build their own confidence and skills to introduce making into their curriculum.
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